Hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopy is a gynaecological procedure that involves using a specialised optical device (hysteroscope) to inspect the uterine cavity under direct visual control. The procedure is performed in a specially equipped operating room with specific instruments by a highly qualified gynaecologist under anaesthesia. Hysteroscopy is typically performed in the first days after the end of the menstrual cycle when the uterine lining is thinnest. No special preparation is required from the patient, and no hospital stay is necessary. However, due to the nature of the procedure, prior planning is required.

Common indications for hysteroscopy:

Abnormal uterine bleeding;
Increased thickness of the endometrium;
Suspected polyps or fibroid nodules in the uterine cavity;
Subfertility or infertility;
Anatomical uterine defects (septate uterus, bicornuate uterus, etc.);
Adhesions in the uterine cavity after intrauterine procedures (Asherman’s syndrome);
Removal of a foreign body from the uterine cavity (IUD, etc.).

Depending on the extent of the intervention, hysteroscopy can be either diagnostic or operative. Diagnostic hysteroscopy involves the examination of the uterine cavity, endometrial lining, and internal openings of the fallopian tubes. If pathology is detected (endometrial polyps, submucosal fibroids, adhesions, hyperplasia, bleeding vessels, residual tissue, etc.), operative hysteroscopy is performed. In such cases, specialised instruments are inserted through the working channels of the hysteroscope to remove problematic areas (polypectomy, myomectomy, adhesiolysis) and collect tissue samples for histological examination.